t檢驗，也叫Student t檢驗（Student’s t test）,用於樣本量較小，總體標準差未知的正態分佈。t檢驗使用t分佈理論來推論差異發生的概率，比較兩個平均數的差異是否顯著。它與f檢驗、卡方檢驗並列，t檢驗可分為單樣本t檢驗、獨立樣本t核對總和配對樣本t檢驗。

參考文獻：

[1]Fisher Box, Joan. Guinness, Gosset, Fisher, and Small Samples. Statistical Science. 1987, 2 (1): 45–52.

[2] Derrick, B; Toher, D; White, P (2017). “How to compare the means of two samples that include paired observations and independent observations: A companion to Derrick, Russ, Toher and White (2017)” ,. The Quantitative Methods for Psychology. 13 (2): 120–126. doi:10.20982/tqmp.13.2.p120.